Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Hispanic vs the non-Hispanic populations☆☆☆★

Abstract 

Study Objective

The aim of this study is to compare rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for Hispanic and non-Hispanic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) victims in Arizona.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of consecutive OOHCA victims prospectively enrolled into our statewide OOHCA quality improvement database between November 2004 and November 2006. Continuous data are presented as means ± SDs and analyzed using t tests; categorical data are presented as frequency of occurrence and analyzed using χ². The primary outcome was whether bystander CPR rates were different for Hispanic vs non-Hispanic OOHCA victims. Secondary comparisons were initial cardiac rhythms and survival to hospital discharge.

Results

There were 2411 OOHCA victims during the period of analysis. A total of 952 arrests were excluded because ethnicity was not documented; 80 arrests were excluded because they were traumatic. A total of 1379 arrests were included for analysis, of which 273 (19.8%) were Hispanic. Hispanics were less likely to receive bystander CPR than non-Hispanics (32.2% vs 41.5%; P < .0001). Hispanics and non-Hispanics were dissimilar with respect to age (53.2 ± 25 vs 64.5 ± 19.3 years; P = .0001), paramedic response time (5.1 vs 5.5 minutes; P = .0006), initial rhythm asystole (53.8% vs 44.5%; P = .005), and initial rhythm ventricular fibrillation (20.5% vs 26.7%; P = .036). Survival to hospital discharge (8.1% vs 7.1%) was not statistically different.

Conclusion

In the state of Arizona, significantly fewer Hispanic OOHCA victims receive bystander CPR than non-Hispanics.