Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Figures
Fig. 1
Posterior-anterior chest radiograph view demonstrating mediastinal air (arrows) and right middle lobe infiltrate (arrowhead).
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as a non-traumatic air leak from alveolar, bronchial or esophageal rupture along vascular sheaths and tissue planes into the mediastinum due to increased pressure in the trachea, bronchi, alveoli or esophagus [1]. SPM is rare in children, with a bimodal incidence peaking in children less than 7 years of age and then again in adolescence [1]. Historically, the diagnosis of SPM is made with physical examination findings and chest radiography.
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