Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a leading cause of death in the United
States, affecting over 350,000 people annually [
[1]
]. Research repeatedly demonstrates that prompt bystander initiated cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) improves both the overall survival rate and nearly every objective
measures of surviving an OHCA [
Cardiac Arrest Statistics [Internet]. [cited 2018 May 6]; available from: http://cpr.heart.org/AHAECC/CPRAndECC/General/UCM_477263_Cardiac-Arrest-Statistics.jsp
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
]. Yet the rate at which bystander initiated CPR is administered varies considerably
and is dependent on the location of the arrest [
- Park G.J.
- Song K.J.
- Shin S.D.
- Lee K.W.
- Ahn K.O.
- Lee E.J.
- et al.
Timely bystander CPR improves outcomes despite longer EMS times.
Am J Emerg Med. 2017; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2017.02.033
[6]
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
]. With the overwhelming evidence in support of bystander CPR, public health organizations
have implemented widespread educational initiatives to train laypeople in compression-only
CPR over the past decade. Correspondingly, an increase in the proportion of patients
receiving bystander CPR in large national registries has been reported [
[5]
,
[15]
,
[16]
]. Despite overall increases in bystander rates, specific populations such as the
socio-economically disadvantaged and the under-educated, still lag behind in this
critical link in the chain of survival [
[17]
,
- Sasson C.
- Haukoos J.S.
- Bond C.
- Rabe M.
- Colbert S.H.
- King R.
- et al.
Barriers and facilitators to learning and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation
in neighborhoods with low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation prevalence and high
rates of cardiac arrest in Columbus, OH.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2013; 6: 550-558
[18]
]. Several barriers to bystander intervention have been identified in recent years
including panic, general anxiety, fear of not performing CPR properly, fear of hurting
the victim, fear of litigation, and fear of transmittable diseases [
[2]
,
[19]
,
[20]
]. The purpose of this study is to identify how social and educational factors impact
reported barriers to bystander CPR.Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: May 15, 2018
Accepted:
May 13,
2018
Received in revised form:
May 10,
2018
Received:
April 25,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
